ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Obesity, diabetes mellitus may be related to the health, the relationship and the physiological capacity of the production of thyroid hormones (TH), triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). OBJECTIVES: The main aims of this review are to describe the relationship between obesity, appetite, weight management, hormonal mechanisms of diabetes mellitus and hypothyroidism post-bariatric surgery. METHODOLOGY: An in-depth literature search was conducted to identify scientific studies, which analyzed the correlation between diabetes mellitus and hypothyroidism post-bariatric surgery. RESULTS: Bariatric surgery decreases hypothyroidism, reduces the need for pharmacological action (such as levothyroxine), controls the weight and body fat and increases the sensitivity to leptin and insulin. CONCLUSION: The reduction of the stomach and intestine by bariatric surgery is an evolutionary and beneficial action, because it may lead to a drastic decrease on numbers of conditions such as diabetes, obesity, hypothyroidism, and others. Thus, new studies should also focus on patients' post-operatory conditions, such as lifetime, regulation and functioning of organs after reduced nutrition, and consumption and delivery of nutrients to health maintenance.
Subject(s)
Bariatric Surgery , Diabetes Mellitus/metabolism , Hormones/metabolism , Hypothyroidism/metabolism , Obesity, Morbid/metabolism , Diabetes Mellitus/physiopathology , Diabetes Mellitus/surgery , Hormones/biosynthesis , Humans , Hypothyroidism/physiopathology , Hypothyroidism/surgery , Obesity, Morbid/physiopathology , Obesity, Morbid/surgery , Weight Loss/physiologyABSTRACT
Excessive Aß deposition in the brain is associated with the formation of senile plaques, and their diffuse distribution is related to Alzheimer's disease. Thirty rats (EG) were irradiated with light-emitting diode (photobiomodulation (PBM)) in the frontal region of the skull after being inoculated with the Aß toxin in the hippocampus; 30 rats were used as the control group (CG). The analysis was conducted at 7, 14, and 21 days after irradiation. We observed a decreased in Aß deposits in treated animals compared with animals in the CG. The behavioral and motor assessment revealed that the EG group covered a larger ground distance and explored the open field than the CG group on days 14 and 21 (p < 0.05). The EG group was statistically significant in the spatial memory test compared to the CG group on day 14. The use of PBM significantly reduced the presence of Aß plaques and improved spatial memory and behavioral and motor skills in treated animals on day 21.
